Taxonomy
Monomorium pharaonis | Pharaoh Ant
Distribution
Status
Conservation status
Not Assessed
Species Biology
Identification
- Small species (body length of workers: 2.2-2.4mm)
- Head and thorax golden yellow in colour
- Abdomen variable, either golden yellow as in head and thorax, or dark brown with pale patches
- Fairly distinctive within its occupied habitat, but specimens found in new sites should be checked as similar species are known to inhabit indoor sites abroad
Diet
A scavenger which can utilise a wide variety of foodstuffs, including insects, dead animals and discarded food.
Habitat
In Ireland this species has been found indoors in hotels, shops, houses and restaurants, as well as on the walls of buildings outdoors although it is unable to survive in the latter habitat.
Flight period
Indoor colonies may be active throughout the year.
Nesting biology
Nests are typically constructed among walls, floors and the foundations of buildings and as such can be difficult to remove. The nests are often very large and may consist of several million individuals.
Similar species
- None in Ireland
Distribution
World distribution(GBIF)
Irish distribution
Historically native to Africa, this species has been recorded sporadically in counties Donegal, Kerry, Cork and Dublin in the past, but more recently it has been found in many areas across Ireland. It appears to be well established and is considered a pest.
Temporal change
Records submitted to Data Centre in 2025
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